What is the term used for a technology that allows scientists to test drugs without using animals or humans?

The term "organ on a chip" refers to a cutting-edge technology that mimics the structure and function of human organs on a microchip. This technology allows researchers to create a miniature version of an organ that can replicate physiological responses, enabling scientists to study drug effects, disease processes, and biological responses without the ethical and logistical complications associated with testing on animals or humans.

Using organs on chips can significantly reduce the need for animal testing, as they provide a more accurate and relevant biological model that reflects human responses. This innovation offers a promising alternative for drug testing, providing insights into efficacy and potential side effects in a controlled, ethical manner.

In contrast, "in vitro" refers to experiments performed outside a living organism, typically in a lab environment using cells or tissues, which could still involve some animal-derived components. "Bioassay" typically measures the effects of a substance on living organisms but isn't specific to the non-use of animals. "Clinical trials" are studies conducted in human participants to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of new treatments and thus do involve human subject testing. Therefore, "organ on a chip" is the most accurate term for the described technology.